Green Finger Gardening

Through fossil evidence, roses have existed since prehistoric times. In Asian gardens, more than 5,000 years ago, the first cultivated roses appeared. Roses were introduced to Europe during the Roman Empire where they were used for ornamental purposes. According to historians, Cleopatra is said to have scattered rose petals before Mark Anthony’s feet. Nero released roses from the ceiling during extravagant feasts and banquets that were held.

The rose is the flower emblem of England. According to English folklore, if the petals fall from a fresh-cut red rose then bad luck was sure to ensue. The red rose is the badge of the House of Lancaster and the flower of Eros and Cupid.
Exquisite and radiant in every way, the red rose is the principal messenger of love. A single rose denotes perpetual love. Two roses of any color taped or wired together signify a commitment or forthcoming marriage. Red Roses are the most popular flower in expressing love and have been the sentiment of young gents throughout the world. Making your heartfelt red roses last the longest is not always easy. After receiving your roses always remove any water vials that may have been shipped with your roses. These provide only a temporary water source during delivery and will not keep your roses but for a short period. However, is it not wise to remove floral wires that may have been attached to individual rose stems. These provide helpful support for some roses. Remove any leaves that will be below water, being careful not to scrape or cut through the green bark of the stems. Air can enter stems at such injuries blocking water uptake.

Leaves left under water will cause bacteria to develop and will significantly shorten the life of your roses not to mention the horrid odor that will come forth. When preparing your vase, always use lukewarm water and be sure to use a clean container. For best results, include floral preservative if at all possible. Mix the preservative with room temperature water, in the amount recommended on the package. Floral preservative provides sugars, balances pH, and limits bacterial growth.

When preparing your red roses for arrangement, fill a sink or wide container with several inches of warm water. While holding each stem under water, cut about one inch diagonally off the end with a sharp knife or shears. Make sure to place the roses in your container before the stems dry off. Gently remove any outermost petals that may have been bruised during shipping. Removing a few petals will not damage a blossom and will often help it open more fully. Just be careful not to force open or take off healthy petals.

Display your roses in a cool location, out of direct sunlight or drafts. Check your arrangement daily to make sure it has plenty of clear, fresh water. If the water appears dirty after a couple of days be sure to replace it completely.
If some roses should start to droop their heads prematurely, it could be due to air trapped in the stems. Recut the stems underwater as described previously. Then let the roses float on the water surface with the stem ends below water and the rose heads in an upright position. In many cases, the roses will revive and harden within about an hour. It is certainly worth a try to keep your roses lasting longer. With care, your red roses will bloom quickly and should stay open anywhere from 5 to 10 days for your enjoyment.
Don

www.greenfingergardening.com

Miniature roses are actual roses but bred to stay small in size. Most mini roses also have smaller flowers than standard rose bushes but they come in a variety of types and colors. Miniature roses are quite hardy plants despite their small size. In fact, they are more winter hardy than most tea roses. Miniature roses also tend to be repeat bloomers which is an advantage in adding them to your gardens. Listed below are a few of the more popular miniature roses.

Climbers: Minis with a vertical growth habit and can become trained to grow against supports.

Miniflora: An American Rose Society classification for newly developed mini roses that have a slightly larger plant and bloom size than miniature roses.

Micro-Mini: Term for the smallest mini roses.

Trailers: Minis with a cascading growth habit that are wonderful in baskets, window boxes and over walls.

In planting your miniature roses, you plant just like full size roses. Dig a hole the same depth as the pot the rose came in and about a foot wider. Carefully loosen the rose from the pot and remove while gently loosening the roots. If the plant seems to be tightly root bound, use a knife to slit the sides of the root ball and try again to loosen the roots. Place the rose bush in the center of the hole with roots spread out. Place soil in the hole and press firmly. Before applying a layer of mulch be sure to thoroughly water your rose bush. In feeding, regular fertilizing is necessary all season. Use general purpose fertilizer or commercial rose food and follow instructions on label. End feedings approximately six to eight weeks before first expected frost.

When watering your rose, bush the amount required depends on the local soil and weather. An inch or so of water per week should be sufficient unless there are dry spells wherein you will need to water more frequently. Water the rose bush deeply so the soil is wet a minimum of twelve to eighteen inches below the surface. Try not to wet the leaves during humid weather to omit fungal disease. Pruning is not a big issue with miniature roses. Prune before new growth starts in early spring. Just prune back around one third of the plant to maintain shape and encourage new growth.
Miniature roses are just as suspect to diseases as larger roses. Always keep an eye out for early signs of insect damage and treat quickly.

Miniature roses are great in the house too. Most are disappointed by their performance indoors and realize being roses they need lots of sun and good humidity. Most roses if given for gifts will be long lasting if transplanted outdoors. Miniature roses if properly cared for can give you years of enjoyment and bring color, fragrance and vibrancy to your yard. Whether adorning a seaside cottage trellis, adorning the stone at the Vanderbilt House or growing wildly along your fenced driveway, miniature roses are timeless and bring spectacular images to the most discriminate of gardeners.
Don

www.greenfingergardening.com

When one thinks of an antique, a rose might not immediately come to mind. But antique roses have been around for centuries. Shakespeare used the word ‘eglantine’ when speaking of the rose in his sonnets and plays. Eglantine is described in the dictionary as a European rose with sweet-scented leaves and pink flowers.

If you aren’t familiar with the word ‘emporium’, it means a large store with a wide variety of things for sale. There are antique rose emporiums to delight rose growers. You can buy an antique rose already rooted from a rose emporium.

How does one prepare to grow an antique? First choose an area that allows for several hours of morning sunlight. It is best to give the plant room for healthy air movement as the bush will grow and develop. Break the soil well; a tiller is helpful should you desire to plant many plants in one area. It’s better to have rich soil in which to grow your antique. The antique will do better if you add good quality organic material and if the soil has proper drainage.

When does one prepare the area for planting the antique? It’s best to prepare in the spring or summer if you live in a southern climate. When you are new to planting, it is an easy assumption that all planting should be done in the spring. But it depends on the climate of the area where you live. If you are buying seeds, there are usually helpful maps on the back of the seed packets to use as a guide. If you are buying from a nursery, be sure to ask there. Of course, you could always try looking it up online or going to the local library or enlisting the advice of an established gardener.

How long can you keep an antique in a container before planting outdoors? If needed, you can keep an antique in a container for several months. You’ll want to give them more attention than once you get them established outdoors. Remember to fertilize and water frequently—and don’t forget proper drainage and air flow around the plants!

Should you add mulch to your antique roses? A true-blue gardener would gasp at the neglect to add mulch! It cuts down on weeds. This may seem strange since it aids the growth of one type of plant and inhibits the growth of another. Mulching also means less stress to your roots from the heat.

How often would one water an antique? It helps to deep-soak your antique once a week—that means saturating the ground in which you have planted your rose. Several hours or overnight should do the trick. This is where it is extremely helpful to have a soaker hose for soaking more than one plant at once.

An antique rose is not disease free, but it is disease resistant. It’s still important to watch for insect or other damage. Should you spray, it is preferable to use a mild fungicide. If in doubt, read the labels on the product carefully. Prune your antique lightly and respectfully. It won’t bloom well if the new growth has to endure damage from heat or frost.
Don

www.greenfingergardening.com

The American Rose Society did not at first accept the term ‘floribunda’. Is a rose that is crossbred a true rose? I suppose that would be a matter of opinion. Roses are highly crossbred. A floribunda could be dubbed the modern rose. You might think of it as an enhanced rose, bred to bring out the best in a flowering plant.
So, what is a floribunda? Although many varieties have been developed, a floribunda is a hybrid that was originally a cross between a polyantha and a tea rose. There was a man who developed many varieties in 1920; his nickname became Papa Floribunda.

This flower is grown mainly for garden color. The floribunda grows lower, which can be a positive attribute. Known as a cluster rose, the floribunda tolerates neglect better than any other rose type except shrub roses. A floribunda is a good landscape choice because it can provide an almost nonstop source of color.

Positive aspects of the floribunda include: abundant flowers, long-lasting blooms, versatile for landscaping, can be used as a hedge or just to accent the landscape, some have a more intense fragrance than most other roses, and they have a delicate appearance.

Negative aspects include: not eligible for Queen of Show, need plenty of feeding, fare far better on a regular feeding schedule (be sure to consider this if you are the type of person who forgets to feed your plants or just doesn’t have the time to devote to a regular feeding schedule), takes 3 years to reach maturity, has shorter stems, and has a small size.
Floribundas will be healthier with good air circulation; so when pruning, it helps to leave the center of the bush open. If you have trouble remembering when to prune, prune near a holiday or a special day during the pruning season. If you leave the older canes when pruning, you are rewarded with larger amounts of color later. Also, take care to remove a cane that rubs another. Pruning will aid in air circulation, which helps to cut down on insects and disease as well.

Other things to remember to maintain healthy floribundas that are grown in pots are: plenty of root space, good drainage, a pot that is heavy enough to sustain against wind should the pot be kept in an area more susceptible to windy conditions, a pot that is wide enough to provide stability. [ A word of caution: saucers under pots can invite root rot.]
Even in floribundas, chemicals are needed to control problems. Concentrates must be applied with care so as not to cause leaf burn.

Some interesting names of existing floribundas are: Playboy, Playgirl, Pure Poetry, Eye Paint, French Lace, Show Biz, Cherish, and Trumpeter.

If you wrap your roses in paper or foil, then plunge them deep into water, it will keep their stems from sagging should you desire to display them.

The word floribunda alone could be a helpful source of entertainment for a gardening parent. Give your child a pencil and piece of paper while you garden and ask he/she to see how many words they can make from the letters in the word floribunda!
Don

www.greenfingergardening.com

Many of us garden because we want to grow our own fruits and vegetables. An attractive landscape or curb appeal may be the goal of others. Gardening, no matter what kind, can also be therapeutic. For many people gardening relaxes the mind, body and spirit. Actually, it is not gardening that’s relaxing but the way that we approach it. If gardening is seen as a chore, it’s stressful. If we view it as enjoyable, it can help relieve stress.

Focusing on your gardening task is the key to relieving stress. Digging, chopping, and hitting motions can relieve stress and tension. In some settings, people hit dummies, slam pillows or hit into thin air but motions of gardening release stress. Strenuous activities also provide an outlet for pent up aggression. Strenuous activities are certainly not the only ways to relieve stress. Something as simple as a walk around the garden may be just what the doctor ordered. When you take your walk, be sure to absorb all the colors, fragrances and designs in the garden. You can also admire your gardening skills and this is sure to reverse the stress into a state of well being.

Here are some pointers for your stress free gardening:

Make a short “to do” list and stick to it. Don’t try to do everything in one afternoon, evening, or weekend because this is sure to manifest as stress. Attack garden chores with the same vigor as weight-lifting, running, or swimming.
Stop and rest periodically reviving yourself with some stretching and plenty of fluids. Listening to music while gardening can add a pleasurable environment with the calming effect of your favorite tunes. Teach your children how to garden. Not only will they be learning a lifelong skill but will cherish the time spent with you.

Stress is at an all time high in the society we live in today and is the root cause of many diseases and chronic illnesses. Learn how to quite your mind and tune out the noise by having brief moments of internal silence. If you don’t have the yard or space to denote your own gardening skills, volunteer! There are many places that have horticultural therapy programs that are in need of volunteers. Schools, day cares, nursing homes and hospitals are great places to start looking to volunteer.

Gardening has many other advantages, too. Growing your own produce supplies you with fresh fruit and vegetables for your summer meals. This is always too a great avenue to share the harvest with friends and family. What’s better than home grown tomatoes from your own garden? Being out in the sun in limited amounts of time gardening also supplies you with vitamin D. Sunshine brightens your spirits and will give you that sun kissed glow. Remember moderation is key when being out in the sun.

Gardening usually requires a lot of bending and lifting. Doing it the wrong way can put a lot of strain on your lower back so a good technique for planting or weeding is to squat. Put one knee on the ground rather than bending at the waist switching knees every few minutes. Kneel on a small pillow or purchase knee pads which you can buy at a department store, hardware store, or gardening shop. Also use caution when lifting shrubs or bags of soil or waste. Try to keep your back straight and bend at your knees. Use your legs instead of your back to lift the weight. Be careful not to twist your body and if something is too heavy to lift then wait on help. Gardening is an excellent way to relieve stress for all ages but remember to do it safely and over time. Gardening can become not only a stress reliever but an fulfilling hobby to share with your friends and family.
Don

www.greenfingergardening.com

Antique roses, also called Victorian Roses, are said to be strong survivors and the most fragrant of the roses. The word antique applies obviously to its history. An antique of any kind, however, will catch a collector’s eye. What better to put near a museum, which houses antiques, than a flowering plant also named antique? Antiques of all kinds have gained in popularity over the years. It makes sense that a flower with similar name, would gain as well.

Although very well-known in the southern states of the United States, an antique rose plant can also be found in other parts of the globe, including China, Canada, and Russia to name a few. Some places in the United States that are known for antique roses are: Brenham, TX (Antique Rose Emporium), Sebastopol, CA (Vintage Gardens), Laurens, SC (Roses Unlimited), Eustes, FL (Seminole Springs Antique Rose and Herb Farm), and in Canada (Pickering Nurseries, Inc.).

If you want your roses to stay strong in the winter, you must be sure to not neglect them in the summer months. A healthier plant is a hardier plant. It is said that the fall’s cooler temperatures will stimulate the antique rose plants. It makes sense when the cooler weather also stimulates us humans. Doesn’t a cold shower tend to get the blood flowing? While I wouldn’t recommend giving your roses a cold shower, except by nature’s own rain, I wish only to make a point.

Many people start roses from cuttings. I am not one blessed with a “green thumb”, so I have yet to try this. It is interesting to think that only a piece of another plant could produce a thing of such beauty when tended properly.
Certain things should be taken into consideration when growing antique roses. Things such as the PH balance of the soil, insects, proper grooming and pruning, fertilizing, fungus, mildew, and a late freeze are some things to guard against.
Certain things that a rose might coax for your viewing pleasure, are bumblebees and butterflies. There are sure to be human visitors ready to pour their admiration for your beautiful antique roses.

Keep in mind that some plants will bloom only once a year, so make your selection carefully. Be sure to consider your climate as well. Protect your investment and you won’t be disappointed. The price of quart sized pots range anywhere from $5.95 to $15.95-US dollars.

Antique rose memorabilia can be found in many shopping places that sell flowers. If cash is an issue, you can check discount shops, auctions, garage sales and flea markets.

You can find items with antique rose themes in jewelry, paintings, valances, lamp shades, bedding, photo frames, stationery, and posters, to name a few.

Just the name, “Antique Rose”, carries a hint of romanticism, class, and a certain sophistication. There is the old saying that a rose by any other name is still a rose! Ahhh, but the many kinds we are blessed with! And the name of this such kind seems to demand respect.
Don

www.greenfingergardening.com

The use of landscape roses can make the exterior of any house more graceful, fragrant and inviting. Selecting the right varieties to compliment and accent the home’s style and your vision, will contribute to the success of your landscape and rose garden design.

Finding the perfect roses for your rose garden is not hard at all because of the the diverse varieties roses come in. The problem lies in choosing the right ones for your landscape needs and the design you wish to attain.
Roses come in a number of classes. Each class holds characteristics that make them a great choice for use as landscape ornamentals. If you’d like to have roses growing up and over a trellis or archway or cascading from window boxes, the tall growing tea roses are a perfect choice. Tea roses are known for their wild growing blooms and all who walk under the archway enjoy a beautiful display of roses.

If a trellis is not available and you’re looking to accent a wall, then choose a true climbing rose. The beauty of a true climbing rose allows you train the plant into many different looks and effects. In essence you can train it any way you want it to grow.

The Floribunda rose is an excellent choice when a vibrant splash of background color is what you’re looking for. The popular Floribunda rose varieties give all this color in the landscape with their large and breathtaking sprays of blooms.
The versatile rose can also be used as a ground cover or planted in front of other plants to give color and accent. They can also be used as stand alone specimens and trained into a small tree or planted as hedges. Rugosa roses are a good choice for this. The goal or impact of the rose is not the varieties or ways it can be grown but the colors they offer in the living gardening palette. What gardeners want are healthy rose plants that deliver impact in many sizes, styles, textures, colors and shapes. When considering your design for your rose garden choose the complimentary colors for your surrounding landscape. A simple arrangement of pink roses delivers the perfect compliment to a stone or marble entranceway or drive. White tea roses offer a striking contrast against a dark red brick home. Roses come in so many colors it should be easy to find colors which compliment and enhance any decorating or landscape design you come up with. Designing your rose garden will be exciting and challenging to say the least. Incorporate your own color favorites and mix styles and textures for an interesting appeal.

Roses do well in a variety of temperature zones and climates so make sure you choose the varieties suitable to the area in which you live. This translates into fewer maintenance issues, less pesticides and disease issues promoting overall a healthier rose garden.
Don

www.greenfingergardening.com

We’ve been very blessed with plant breeders who give us roses that grow well in adverse conditions and bloom basically from early summer to first frost. Proper plant nutrition is easy and simple to provide with the use of complete plant food. Plant food supplies all the needed vital elements that is needed from the soil. Insect and disease problems with your rose care can be prevented easily with regular use of insecticide-fungicide that controls most chewing insects, sucking insects, and fungus diseases. Being a successful rose grower is attainable with these aids and a lot of determination.

Buying good plants or better known as good stock is a must. Preferably No. 1, two years old, field grown and budded plants. Plants that are not pruned should have 3 or more heavy 18-inch canes and pruned plants should have canes with a diameter of at least 1/4 inch at the top. Plants potted in tar paper pots are preferred by many gardeners since they can be transplanted most any time of the year.

When planting, select a sunny, well-drained location. Trim off all broken and bruised roots, cut top growth back to 6 to 8 inches. Dig planting holes at least 6 inches deeper than needed for the plant roots and make the holes large enough so the roots will not crowd or bend. Be sure to place a handful of small rocks or pebbles in the bottom of holes for drainage. Mix 1 tablespoonful of fertilizer with the soil placed over the drainage material. Cover this mixture with plain soil, bringing the level to desired planting depth. Make a mound in the center to receive the plant. Set the plant roots over this mound and spread roots then fill in with the soil. Firm the soil by pressing tightly 2 or 3 times while filling the hole.

Rose care and feeding is very important. The first feeding should come in early spring as soon as leaf buds begin to swell. Clear away the mulch and work plant food into soil the around the plant. Use 1 rounded tablespoon of fertilizer per plant unless tea roses in which you would cut that amount in half. Second feeding should be made at the same rate and immediately following the first heavy bloom. Third feeding is also at same rate and should be made in late summer with the exceptions of northern areas not later than August 15. In the southern areas where blooming extends into October and November, a fourth feeding is advised about the first of October. Many growers incorporate a regular monthly feeding in their rose care program during the growing season with good results. Controlling diseases and insects is easy with the regular use of chemicals. Chemicals control most fungus diseases and chewing insects. Regular dusting every week to ten days will make these problems easier to handle.

When watering, soak the soil to a depth of 6-8 inches. Cultivation is a definite must to eliminate weeds and keep the soil loose. Mulching during the summer months will eliminate weeds, reduce moisture evaporation and the necessity of cultivation. Every two to three weeks mulches should be applied before roses come into bloom.
When pruning, the bush types should be pruned during the early spring when the leaf buds begin to swell but before the growth starts.
As far as winter is concerned, it’s the alternating freezing and thawing that is destructive to your roses. Winter mulching with straw or peat moss is recommended with the exception of the extreme southern sections of the United States. Pull up the soil around each plant to basically 6 inches after the first frost. Once the ground is frozen, mulch again.
Don

www.greenfingergardening.com